RELASI LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN MENURUT AMINA WADUD

M. Rusydi

Abstract


Abstrak: Tulisan ini menganalisis pandangan Amina Wadud tentang problem gender dalam Islam. Pertanyaan yang muncul adalah bagaimana konstruksi pembacaan Amina Wadud terhadap relasi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam al-Qur’an. Dalam tulisan ini ditemukan bahwa bagi Wadud, al-Qur’an memiliki tiga prinsip utama dalam menyelesaikan problem gender yakni prinsip tauhid, taqwa dan khalifah. Prinsip tauhid dan takwa menunjukkan kesetaraan, sebab al-Qur’an menegaskan bahwa tidak ada yang lebih mulia kecuali dengan takwa. Wadud menyebut prinsip ini dengan istilah paradigma tauhid. Sedangkan prinsip khalifah dalam al-Qur’an menekankan agar semua muslim, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, menjadi agen moral untuk menjaga keharmonisan dunia. Ia juga menyarankan agar al-Qur’an dibaca secara holistik dengan memperhatikan tiga aspek; konteks pewahyuan ayat, komposisi dan gramatika teks, dan pandangan dunia teks. Ia menyebut metolodogi ini dengan istilah hermeneutika tauhid, yang dijadikan argument bahwa al-Qur’an memandang laki-laki dan perempuan setara.
 
Abstract: This writing analyzes Amina Wadud’s view on gender in Islam. The issue put forward is on the question of Wadud’s reading method on gender in the Qur’an. This paper reveals that according to Wadud there are three main principles to solve gender problems, namely, tauhîd, taqwa and khalîfah. The principles of tauhîd and taqwa show equality because al-Qur’an prescribes that no one is being having more self-esteem except with the quality of taqwa. Wadud calls these principles as tauhidic paradigm. While the principle of khalîfah in al-Qur’an requires Muslim, both man and woman alike, to become an agent of moral custodian to maintain the harmony of the world. She also urges that the Qur’an be interpreted holistically by considering three aspects; the context of revelation, stylistic and  grammar of text, as well as weltanschauung or worldview of the text. As such she designates her methodology as a tauhidic hermeneutic, since upon this methodology, it can be argued that the Qur’an looks at man and woman equally.
 
Kata Kunci: al-Qur’an, gender, hermeneutika, kesetaraan, tauhid

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v38i2.60

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