تربية الأدب فى خزائن الإسلام القديمة طلاعة عن الماوردي وأفكاره فى التربية الأخلاقية

Mohd. Nasir

Abstract


Abstrak: Akutnya problem moral adalah penyebab utama yang kemudian menempatkan betapa urgennya penyelenggaraan dan aktualisasi nilai pendidikan akhlak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk merespon tuntutan agenda konseptual pendidikan akhlak melalui pengkajian ulang secara kritis terhadap khazanah pemikiran Islam klasik karya al-Mâwardî, kitab Âdâb al-Dunyâ wa al-Dîn. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara dokumentasi lalu dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Al-Mâwardî menulis kitab Âdâb al-Dunyâ wa al-Dîn ini sebagai refleksi kritis terhadap instabilitas sosial-moral masyarakat pada masa itu. Menurutnya, pendidikan akhlak dapat dilakukan dengan 2 (dua) cara, yaitu pendidikan yang diajarkan orang dewasa (orang tua, guru dan sebagainya) kepada anak sejak masih kecil dan pendidikan yang diajarkan setiap individu kepada dirinya sendiri ketika dewasa, melalui proses pembiasaan/tradisi (muwâda’ah) dan proses penyadaran/latihan yang bersifat dogmatis (riyâdhah wa istishlâh).


Abstract: Ethic Education in Ancient Islamic Treasure: An Analysis of  in the Perspective of Al-Mawardi’s Thought. The critical of moral problem is the main concern that boost the importance of the implementation and actualization of the value of ethic education. This paper is an attempt to response to the demand of conceptual agenda of moral education  through a critical reassessement of the treasures of classic Islamic thought in al-Mâwardî’s book Âdâb al-Dunyâ wa al-Dîn.  Data is collected through document which is then analyzed by content analysis technique. The author finds that al-Mâwardî wrote this book as critical reflection of social instability on moral society of his time. According to him, moral education can be applied by two layers of steps, education that taught by adults ( parents, teacher, etc) to children since early childhood and education that taught to each individual to themselves when adult, through a process of habituation and awareness which is more practical though it is dogmatic.


Kata Kunci: Al-Mâwardî , pendidikan akhlak, karakter, sejarah Islam klasik


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v39i1.48

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