ACADEMIC ETHICS IN MODERN INDONESIA: Shaykh Hasan Ma’sum’s Thought on Students’ Ethics in His Tazkîr al-Murîdîn Sulûk Tharîqah al-Muhtadîn
Abstract
Abstrak: Artikel ini mengkaji pemikiran Syekh Hasan Ma’sum tentang etika peserta didik. Studi ini merupakan riset pertama tentang pemikiran sang ulama dalam bidang etika akademis. Studi ini merupakan studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan historis-biografis. Model penulisan sejarah Kuntowijoyo akan diterapkan dalam penulisan artikel ini. Studi ini memanfaatkan karya-karya Syekh Hasan Ma’sum tentang etika peserta didik. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan metode interpretasi. Studi ini mengajukan temuan bahwa etika peserta didik menurut ulama ini terdapat dalam kitabnya yang berjudul Tazkîr al-Murîdîn Sulûk Tharîqah al-Muhtadîn, dan dibagi menjadi empat jenis, yakni etika murid kepada guru, etika murid kepada murid lainnya, etika murid terhadap diri mereka sendiri, dan etika murid kepada Allah Swt. Ia juga menambah bab tentang adab murid saat berzikir. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Syekh Hasan Ma’sum dipengaruhi oleh ajaran tarekat Naqsyabandiah dimana ia merupakan pengikut tarekat ini, dan juga dipengaruhi oleh pemikiran sejumlah sufi ternama seperti Imam al-Ghazâlî, al-Suhrawardî, al-Qusyairî, Ibn ‘Arabî, dan Abû Thâlib al-Makkî. Pemikiran Syekh Hasan Ma’sum juga turut melengkapi kajian tentang etika akademis dalam Islam.
Kata Kunci: etika akademik, peserta didik, tarekat, naskah Nusantara, Sumatera Timur
Abstract: This article examines Shaykh Hasan Ma’sum’s thoughts on students’ ethics. The study represents the first research conducted on the ulama’s thoughts within the field of academic ethics. Employing a historical-biographical approach, this study adopts Kuntowijoyo’s historical writing model. Utilizing Shaykh Hasan Ma’sum’s works on students’ ethics as primary sources, the data is then analyzed using the interpretation method. The study reveals that this ulama’s perspective on students’ ethics is outlined in his book titled Tazkîr al-Murîdîn Sulûk Tharîqah al-Muhtadîn, which encompasses four distinct types of ethics: students’ ethics toward his teachers, friends, themselves, and his God (Allah SWT). He also added a chapter on the students’ ethics during dhikr. Furthermore, the study highlights the influence of the Naqshabandiah order, to which Shaykh Hasan Ma’sum belonged, as well as the thoughts of prominent Sufis such as Imam al-Ghazâlî, al-Suhrawardî, al-Qusyairî, Ibn ‘Arabî, and Abû Thâlib al-Makkî on his thought. Thus, Shaykh Hasan Ma’sum’s thoughts complement the existing scholarship on academic ethics in Islam.
Keywords: academic ethics, students’, sufi order, Nusantara manuscripts, East SumatraFull Text:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v47i1.1082
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