RESPONS TOKOH ORMAS ISLAM TERHADAP PERAN PUBLIK PEREMPUAN

Abstract

Abstrak: Studi ini menelaah respons organisasi keagamaan di Sumatera Utara: Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah, terhadap peran publik perempuan. Bagaimana agama dan budaya dimaknai serta dipraktikkan pada tataran empiris dalam bentuk norma, fatwa dan sikap. Penelitian ini menemukan perkembangan signifikan fatwa kebebasan peran publik perempuan. Pada level fatwa respons ormas Islam di Sumatera Utara memperlihatkan aspek keterbukaan dan pem-baharuan. Fatwa telah merespons persoalan-persoalan praktis di samping persoalan hukum. Meskipun terdapat varian pemikiran tentang peran publik perempuan, tetapi secara kelembagaan respons tersebut menjadi bagian upaya pemecahan permasalahan relasi gender. Temuan ini menjadi pemikiran kritis bagi kalangan yang berpandangan bahwa isu ketimpangan gender dalam Islam bersumber dari pandangan ulama yang tidak sensitif gender.

Abstract: The Responses of Islamic Societal Organization Figures Towards Women’s Public Role. This study focuses on the response of such religious organizations in North Sumatra as Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, towards women’s public role. This study also analyses the extent to which religion and culture could be interpreted and practiced at an empirical level in the form of norms, fatwas and attitudes. This study found the significant fatwa developments in the freedom of women’s public roles. At the fatwa level the response of Islamic organizations in North Sumatra shows the openness aspects and renewal. Fatwa has responded to practical issues in addition to legal issues. Although there are thought variants about the public role of women, the institutional response is part of efforts to solve gender relations problems. This finding is being a critical thinking for those who believe that the issue of gender inequality in Islam comes from the views of scholars who are not snsitive to gender.

Kata Kunci: feminisme, fatwa, sosio-kultural, perempuan, ormas Islam, gender